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1. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
News and Notes
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features
2. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Dan Shahar Harm, Responsibility, and the Far-off Impacts of Climate Change
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Climate change is already a major global threat, but many of its worst impacts are still decades away. Many people who will eventually be affected by it still have opportunities to mitigate harm. When considering the avoidable burdens of climate change, it seems plausible victims will often share some responsibility for putting themselves into (or failing to get out of) harm’s way. This fact should be incorporated into our thinking about the ethical significance of climate-induced harms, particularly to emphasize the importance of differential abilities to get and stay out of harm’s way. Currently, many people face serious obstacles to reducing their vulnerability to climate change, such as poverty, lack of education, and political or legal obstacles to mobility. Climate policy discussions should do more to emphasize the alleviation of these sources of difficulties, thereby empowering people to choose what risks they will bear in a warming world.
3. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Christopher Preston, Trine Antonsen Integrity and Agency: Negotiating New Forms of Human-Nature Relations in Biotechnology
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New techniques for modifying the genomes of agricultural organisms create difficult ethical challenges. We provide a novel framework to replace worn-out ethical lenses relying on ‘naturalness’ and ‘crossing species lines.’ Thinking of agricultural intervention as a ‘negotiation’ of ‘integrity’ and ‘agency’ provides a flexible framework for considering techniques such as genome editing with CRISPR/Cas systems. We lay out the framework by highlighting some existing uses of integrity in environmental ethics. We also provide an example of our lens at work by looking at the creation of ‘cisgenic’ (as opposed to ‘transgenic’) potatoes to resist late potato blight. We conclude by highlighting three distinct advantages offered by the integrity framework. These include a more fitting way to look at the practice of scientific researchers, a more inclusive way to consider ethics around agriculture, and a more flexible way to provide the ethical grounds for regulation in different cultural contexts.
4. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Benjamin Howe The Personal Responsibility to Reduce Greenhouse Gases
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Many theorists who argue that individuals have a personal responsibility to reduce greenhouse gases (GHGs) tie the amount of GHGs that an individual is obligated to reduce to the amount that an individual releases, or what is often called a carbon footprint. The first section of this article argues that this approach produces standards that are too burdensome in some contexts. Section two argues that this approach produces standards of responsibility that are too lenient in other contexts and sketches an alternative account of personal responsibility that treats it as an obligation to take certain kinds of opportunities to reduce GHGs, regardless of how little or much gas an individual releases through her own actions. Section three argues that this alternative conception of personal responsibility is well positioned to rebut the Argument from Inconsequentialism, widely considered the most significant challenge to the assumption that individuals are capable of bearing a responsibility to reduce GHGs.
5. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Nina Witoszek, Martin Lee Mueller The Ecological Ethics of Nordic Children’s Tales: From Pippi Longstocking to Greta Thunberg
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For decades now, environmental philosophers from Arne Næss to Freya Mathews have dreamt of environmental ethics that “make things happen.” We contend such ethics can be found in Nordic children’s tales—those scriptures of moral guidance, and influential propellers of environmental action. In this essay we discuss the moral-imaginative worlds of fictitious in Nordic children’s tales, choosing some of the most canonical stories of the Nordics as our focal point. We argue the complex and often inconsistent philosophical mediations between human and more-than-human worlds as imagined by Astrid Lindgren, Selma Lagerlöf, Thorbjørn Egner, or Tove Jansson are as viable philosophical works as other, more systematic studies in environmental ethics. Further, we argue that places, or indeed larger geographical regions, animate the moral imagination of the characters who live there, suggesting there is a reciprocal and mutually enhancing relationship between dwelling, thinking, and acting, between being animated and becoming animateur. Indeed, we may speak of this animated and animating, cultural-ecological topos as part of a genuine Nordic Ecosphere. Coruscating in this ecosphere are the sparkles of ‘literary ecological ethics,’ which influence human actions, not as much through analysis, documentation, or argument as through world-making stories, images, and models of environmental heroines.
book reviews
6. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Jeremy Bendik-Keymer, Katherine Cassese Stephanie Wakefield. Anthropocene Back Loop: Experimentation in Unsafe Operating Space
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7. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
C. Tyler DesRoches Partha Dasgupta: Time and the Generations: Population Ethics for a Diminishing Planet
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8. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Bjørn Kristensen Kelly Struthers Montford and Chloë Taylor, eds. Colonialism and Animality: Anti-Colonial Perspectives in Critical Animal Studies
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9. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Levi Tenen Akeel Bilgrami, ed. Nature and Value
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10. Environmental Ethics: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
John Wiens Jonathan A. Newman, Gary Varner, and Stefan Linquist. Defending Biodiversity: Environmental Science and Ethics
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