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articles
1. Forum Philosophicum: Volume > 16 > Issue: 2
Zbigniew Jan Marczuk Dennett’s Account of Mind versus Kim’s Supervenience Argument
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This paper challenges Daniel Dennett’s attempt to reconcile the performance of mind and brain within a physicalist framework with Jaegwon Kim’s argument that a coherent physicalist framework entails the epiphenomenalism of mental events. Dennett offers a materialist explanation of consciousness and arguesthat his model of mind does not imply reductive physicalism. I argue that Dennett’s explanation of mind clashes with Jaegwon Kim’s mind-body supervenienceargument. Kim contends that non-reductive physicalism either voids the causal powers of mental properties, or it violates physicalist framework. I concludethat Dennett’s account of mind does not escape or overcome Kim’s mind/body supervenience problem. If Kim’s argument does not prove Dennett’s explanationof mind to be either a form of reductive materialism, or a logically inconsistent view, it is due to the ambiguity of concepts involved in Dennett’s theory.
2. Forum Philosophicum: Volume > 16 > Issue: 2
Jarosław Jagiełło Logos and faith in a “secular age” [Logos und Glaube im „secular age“. Zur Religionsphilosophischen Aktualität des Ebner´schen Denkens]
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3. Forum Philosophicum: Volume > 16 > Issue: 2
Mark Manolopoulos Today’s Truly Philosophical Philosopher of Religion
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What does it mean to be a truly philosophical philosopher of religion today? The paper proposes that the thinker of faith should pursue the following passions: (1) a passion for wonder and epistemic openness; (2) the desire for a rationality that exceeds narrow-minded hyper-rationalism; (3) an ecological pathosi.e. loving the Earth; (4) a passion for self-development; and (5) thinking and participating in ethical political-economic transformation, a revolutionary passion.And so, today’s truly philosophical philosopher of religion would pursue a cognitively rigorous, engaged, and experientially adventurous venture in thinking.
4. Forum Philosophicum: Volume > 16 > Issue: 2
Kazimierz Rynkiewicz The virtuous Person’s Lucky Path to Success [Der Glückliche Weg zum Erfolg Eines Tugendhaften]
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In this paper I seek to analyse the following question: How is it that I am able, today, to succeed in fulfilling my goals? My analysis will, I hope, demonstratethat virtues are important because they facilitate this sort of fulfilment. An examination of the classical notion of virtue is thus called for, and this in turn suggests that, at least in certain cases, virtue is connected with luck – that these two belong together. This points towards a new form of contemporary virtue ethics,whose distinctive character will be reflected in the particular significance it invests in the concepts of “qualification” and “competence”. Finally, we are ledto Wittgenstein’s assertion that “The world of the happy person is other than the world of the hapless person”.
5. Forum Philosophicum: Volume > 16 > Issue: 2
Rob Lovering Does Ordinary Morality Imply Atheism? A Reply to Maitzen
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Stephen Maitzen has recently argued that ordinary morality implies atheism. In the following, I argue that the soundness of Maitzen’s argument depends ona principle that is implausible, what I call the Recipient’s Benefit Principle: All else being equal, if an act A produces a net benefit for the individual on the receiving end of A, then one cannot have a moral obligation to prevent A. Specifically, the Recipient’s Benefit Principle (RBP) must be true if premise (2) of Maitzen’s argument is to be true. But, RBP is likely false, as it generates counterintuitive implications as well as conflicts with another principle both plausible and seemingly adopted by most of us, what I call the Preventing Immorality Principle: All else being equal, if an act A is seriously immoral, then one has a moral obligation to prevent A.
6. Forum Philosophicum: Volume > 16 > Issue: 2
Eric Baldwin On Buddhist and Taoist Morality
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Arthur Danto argues that all Eastern philosophies – except Confucianism – fail to accept necessary conditions on genuine morality: a robust notionof agency and that actions are praiseworthy only if performed voluntarily, in accordance with rules, and from motives based on the moral worth and well-beingof others. But Danto’s arguments fail: Neo-Taoism and Mohism satisfy these allegedly necessary constraints and Taoism and Buddhism both posit moral reasons that fall outside the scope of Danto’s allegedly necessary conditions on genuine morality. Thus, our initial reaction, that these Eastern philosophies offer genuine moral reasons for action, is sustained rather than overturned.
7. Forum Philosophicum: Volume > 16 > Issue: 2
Maria Kłańska The Significance of Spinoza and His Philosophy for the Life and Poetry of the German-Jewish Poetess Rose Ausländer [Spinoza und Seine Philosophie im Schaffen der Deutschsprachigen Dichterin Rose Ausländer]
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The German-Jewish writer and poetess, Rose Ausländer (1901-1988), who came from Chernivtsi (Czernowitz), capital of Bukovina, one of the formerprovinces of the Hapsburg Empire, is one of the most+ highly acclaimed lyric poets to have written in German in the 20th century. Throughout her whole life shewas an adherent of the philosophy of Spinoza, first becoming acquainted with it in the so-called “ethics seminar” of the secondary-school teacher Friedrich Kettner. In the wake of the First World War the youth of Chernivtsi were in need of new sources of intellectual stimulation, so he set out to introduce them to the philosophy of Spinoza, as well as to that of Constantin Brunner, a contemporary German philosopher influenced by him.Rose Ausländer remained a follower of Spinoza right up to the end of her life. This is confirmed by her two very different poems of the same name, “Spinoza”– the first composed before 1939, the second in 1979 – as well as by her many explorations of topics drawn from his ethics, ranging from her very first printedpoem, “Amor Dei”, up to her lyrics written in old age, in the 1970s and 1980s. In this short paper I will attempt to chart the course of, and analyze, her interest inSpinoza´s philosophical system and life.
book reviews and notices
8. Forum Philosophicum: Volume > 16 > Issue: 2
Rafał Kupczak Irena Stasiewicz-Jasiukowa (ed.), The contribution of polish science and technology to world heritage (by Rafał Kupczak)
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9. Forum Philosophicum: Volume > 16 > Issue: 2
Kazimierz Rynkiewicz Wilhelm Vossenkuhl, Die Möglichkeit des Guten. Ethik im 21. Jahrhundert (by Kazimierz Rynkiewicz)
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