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ProtoSociology

Volume 34, 2017
Meaning and Publicity

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Displaying: 1-19 of 19 documents


on contemporary linguistics and sociology
1. ProtoSociology: Volume > 34
Feng Li Analyses on Arbitrariness of Chinese Characters from the Perspective of Morphology
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The arbitrariness of a sign is considered a universal feature and a well-established property of the world’s languages by many linguists, which makes languages flexible and facilitates distinguishing the particular referents to words. However, there are some exceptions in the case of Chinese, a language quite different from western languages. This article analyzes Chinese’s arbitrariness mainly from the perspective of word formation and will show that Chinese characters, which were iconic originally, depart from this universal feature to a great extent. Through many transformations and changes, Chinese characters continue to display three features: iconicity, systematicity and arbitrariness.
2. ProtoSociology: Volume > 34
Wenyan Zhang Formal Semantics of English Sentences with Tense and Aspect
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As common expressions in natural language, sentences with tense and aspect play a very important role. There are many ways to encode their contributions to meaning, but I believe their function is best understood as exhibiting relations among related eventualities (events and states). Accordingly, contra other efforts to explain tense and aspect by appeal to temporal logics or interval logics, I believe the most basic and correct way to explain tense and aspect is to articulate these relations between eventualities. Building on these ideas, I will characterize a formal semantics – Event-State Semantics (ESS) – which differs from all formal semantics based on temporal logics; in particular, one with which sentences with tense and aspect can be adequately explained, including molecular sentences and those with adverbial clauses.
3. ProtoSociology: Volume > 34
Vittorio Cotesta The Axial Age and Modernity: From Max Weber to Karl Jaspers and Shmuel Eisenstadt
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This essay highlights the theoretical relations between Weber, Jaspers and Eisenstadt on the issue of the axial age and modernity. For Weber Modernity is an “axial age” but also an event in the history of Western rationalization. So we can’t say which is his idea on this topic. For Jaspers the axial revolution took place at the same time in China, India, and Greece. Modernity can’t be an “axial age” because it took place in the West and only after in these three civilizations. For Eisenstadt, on the contrary, modernity is a second “axial age”. He thinks the XX and the XXI century as an era of multiple modernities.
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Contributors
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Impressum
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On ProtoSociology
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Ordering
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Published Volumes
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Book publications of the Project
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