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Studia Philosophica:
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Dagmar Pichová
Dagmar Pichová
Ironie u Pascala
Irony in Pascal’s Work
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The paper deals with the role of irony in the thought of Blaise Pascal. The author proposes to distinguish two types of irony in Pascal’s work. The first type – offensive irony – can be found in The Provincial Letters, Pascal’s polemics with the principles of Jesuit moral teachings. The use of ironic strategy allows Pascal to criticize efficiently the Jesuit argumentation and the problematic consequences of their moral values. In Pascal’s Pensées, the function of irony changes radically. Pascal’s description of the position of human beings can be compared to the irony of situation, represented usually by The Oedipus King by Sophocles. Irony thus becomes a perspective which depicts the paradoxes of human existence and intensifies the emotional impact of Pascal’s work.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Ivana Holzbachová
Ivana Holzbachová
Pojetí role vědy v politice u Emila Durkheima
Emile Durkheim’s Conception of the Role of Science in Politics
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Durkheim’s political interest stems from an analysis of anomies of the late 19th century society. He credits the anomies to the changes in the organization of labor division in the society as well as to the fact that man is a being with ever increasing demands. In this respect he appeals to all social classes to abide by the rule of moderateness. – Durkheim poses the question if sociologists can contribute to social reform. In his view the most important contribution is their scientific work, i.e. an analysis and a description of social reality. Such activity does not qualify them as politicians. In politics, a scientist can only act as a citizen or possibly an adviser and an educator.
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Michal Vavřík
Michal Vavřík
K interpretaci Hegelovy filosofie státu
A Contribution to the Interpretation of Hegel’s Philosophy of State
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This paper contains preliminary notes on an interpretation of Hegel’s political philosophy. It concentrates on the last part of The Philosophy of Right, i. e. sphere of the ethical life. A thesis defended in the paper is that it is Hegel’s notion of bureaucracy which is crucial for the interpretation. Concepts are employed of civil society and public sphere by J. Habermas, as well as of habitus by P. Bourdieu in order to highlight fragmented character of the civil society. Therefore, the bureaucracy is given major role in realization of “the concrete universal” by means of both public administration and parliamentary politics. The centrality of bureaucracy in political integration is therefore called administrative nationalism.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Antonín Dolák
Antonín Dolák
Heideggerova metoda a světlina bytí
Heidegger’s Method and Category Lichtung
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The study is about the ontology late Martin Heidegger. The work analyses mainly category Lichtung and category Sein and relation L ichtung and Sein. Lichtung is in Heidegger’s work “The End of Philosophy“ ALETHEIA , also truth in early ancient meaning, mainly in Parmenides trought. Me study anylyses also form good method according to Heidegger.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Josef Petrželka, Jan Váně
Josef Petrželka
Filosofie a divadlo
Filosofie a divadlo
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Jan Váně, Josef Petrželka
Jan Váně
Abélard a Heloisa
Abelard and Heloise
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Love, universals, a new written source, deceit and treason – all of that can be seen in a play on the love affair between the philosopher Abélard and his conscientious student Heloise. A recently discovered letter of Abelard reveals that he actually never lost his manhood, but only pretended his bad luck to find peace and quiet for his philosophical contemplations on, among other things, universals.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Jan Váně, Josef Petrželka
Jan Váně
Jan Hus a Stanislav ze Znoyma
John Huss and Stanislav of Znoymo
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A „dramatic humoresque“ – not exactly a truthful version of the clash of ideas of two major medieval Czech figures, John Huss and his philosophically more vigorous teacher Stanislav of Znoymo. In our version Huss invents the matches in order to set the world on fire and thus purify the church of evil – the audience and readers´ task is to find all historical and factual inaccuracies deliberately incorporated into the play.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Josef Petrželka, Ondřej Sládek
Josef Petrželka
Filosof(ie) a žena
Philosophy(-pher) and the woman
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The history of philosophy is dominated by men’s names – does that mean philosophy is inaccessible to women? Or could we even say that the woman is the philosopher’s enemy that hinders his intellectual efforts? Or is it the contrary, being the philosopher’s Muse, she helps promote philosophical thought? To answer these questions, the play offers four rather fictional stories about renowned philosophers and their significant others, drawing from Jiří Cetl’s work But they were philosophers... (Ale vždyť to byli filozofové..., Brno 2000). It introduces Socrates and his wife Xanthippa, Epicure and Athenian hetaerae, John Lock with a young French lady and finally Jean-Jacquesem Rousseau with his prospective wife and mother-in-law. The ultimate answer to the questions remains to be decided by the reader.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Ištván Tračník
Ištván Tračník
BRAIN MAN aneb Ať žije evoluce!
Brain Man or Long Live Evolution!
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A detective story presenting a thought experiment from philosophy of mind that results in a hypothetical, extremely dangerous being – philosophical zombie – which looks and behaves just like any other person, but has no consciousness. The goal of the two detectives (René Descartes and Alan Turing) is to discover this mysterious and possibly undiscoverable creature before it dispatches the Swedish Queen.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Radovan Burhan
Radovan Burhan
Světská pokušení Pána z Heideggeru aneb Kdo byl Hitlerův otec?
Profane Seduction of the Lord of Heidegger or Who Was Hitler’s Father?
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This play offers a story from recent history, almost the present time (however a fictional one) as well as a serious, even tragic drama attempting to assess the rate of cooperation of the prominent German philosopher M. Heidegger with German war ideology and to suggest an adequate punishment.
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Josef Petrželka, Rudolf Šnajder, Jana Gajdošová
Josef Petrželka
Tenkrát ve filosofii
Once Upon a Time in Philosophy
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This western-play introduces the clash between rationalism and empiricism of the Modern Period, embodied in the bloody battles between white settlers and Indians. As theplay is meant to be a tribute to E. Morricone´s film music, it is the music that wins the performed philosophical war.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Michal Stránský
Michal Stránský
Pro dobrou věc. Hra o několika dějstvích a žádném intermezzu
For a Good Thing. A Play of Several Acts and No Intermezzo
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Kamil, a not particularly reflective hero of this play, is just after his death faced with the question of what the good and the good life are. He gets the opportunity to do a good thing in one hour and thus avoid the Devil´s power. Kamil makes an effort using several personified ethical theories, but fails to find a clear and ultimate answer.
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Josef Petrželka
Josef Petrželka
Jak najít pravého prince?
How to Find the Right Prince
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This children’s play attempts to show the audience the long and troublesome journey that the Platonist has to take to reach the genuine knowledge and find the goal of human life. All of the epistemic options offered by Plato are so uncertain that the happy ending of the journey to the true being (Platonic Forms) can only be ensured by one thing – a fairy tale.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Jana Matiščíková, Josef Krob, Josef Petrželka
Jana Matiščíková
Kladivo na časoděj
The Hammer of Time
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Time has disappeared. It must have been a murder. Who is guilty? The most important figures of the history of philosophy and science are summoned to sing and clearly express their relation to time. The philosophical musical does not end in bloody execution, though. It turns out that no murder was actually committed, as time has never, does not, and will never exist.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Petr Kopáček
Petr Kopáček
Možný svět nutně nestačí aneb Hra pro Kočku
A Possible World Is Not Necessarily Enough or A Play for a Cat
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The hero of this play – Arthur – introduces to the audience and readers several different worlds that share the fact that they are all possible worlds. The theory of possible worlds is the major theoretical background of the play. The plot is based on the idea that one and the same individual can appear in several possible worlds in a more or less different form. If one finds a way of traveling among the worlds – at least fictionally on the stage – which is accomplished by the Cat, the Schrödinger´s Cat, Arthur can set off for a journey to meet himself or possibly even God.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Lenka Hořínková Kouřilová
Pelikánova reflexe Hoppeova díla
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This article presents how Pelikan reflected Hoppe’s work in Ruch filosofický. Pelikan dealt with Hoppe’s philosophical development and simultaneously noticed philosophers that were inspiring for Hoppe’s philosophy. Pelikan appraised the significance of Hoppe’s work in Czech philosophical thinking of the first half of the twentieth century and his acccent of spiritual life. Pelikan agreed with Hoppe’s extension of the doctrine of intuition although his conception of intuition was different from Hoppe.
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Jan Zouhar
Existencialismus a české myšlení 1945–1948
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After 1945, Czech philosophy and culture were first introduced to existentialism. First it was the original works of French existentialists (Sartre, Camus, Marcel), later by means of the journal Letters (1947) and Václav Černý (The first book on existentialism, 1948). The acceptance of existentialism in Czech context was not univocal. Besides factual analyses (J. Patočka, V. Navrátil, V. T. Miškovská), existentialism met with criticism and rejection mainly from Marxists and Catholic scholars for its rational weakness, pessimism, helplessness and intellectual decline.
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Helena Zbudilová
Spásná trýzeň: Miguel de Unamuno a nesmrtelnost
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The study deals with the conception of personal immortality in Miguel de Unamuno’s works. The starting point of his reflections is a particular person of “flesh and blood“ and his authentic existence. Unamuno’s “hunger of immortality“ is inspired by man’s confrontation with the phenomenon of death. For Unamuno existential phenomena of suffering and anxiety seem to be the keyword to the authentic existence and God then becomes a guarantor of individual immortality. The study concentrates on Unamuno’s conception of God in the spirit of panentheism and Spanish Krausism. It observes Unamuno’s philosophical sources of information when discussing the question of immortality from Pythagoras to Platon while opposing the views of impersonal immortality (e.g. B. Spinoza). His theological argumentation is based mainly on S. Kierkegaard, St. Paul and Spanish mystics. His philosophical ideas are extracted especially from his works The Tragic Sense of Life, The Agony of Christianity and The Intimate Diary. His novella Saint Emmanuel The Good, Martyr serves as a fictional illustration of his ideas. The study concludes with the evaluation of Unamuno as an author writing “philosophizing literature“ and as a predecessor of existentialist literature, who was orientated towards Christian personalism.
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Jesús Padilla Gálvez
Euklidovský prostor a zorný prostor jako estetický problém
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The aim of this article is to reconstruct the contributions that Wittgenstein made to the field of aesthetics. The focus of interest lies on the theory of sensory perception. This theory is characterized as a program of “minimal visibilia” and will be analyzed by employing the phenomenological method. Three problems are addressed in the context of the visual space, such as blurredness, indistinctness and sensory impressions. A distinction between the visual space and the Euclidean space can only be made by comparing their respective typical structures. We will particularly analyze the relation that exists between the perceiving human being on the one hand and the visual space on the other hand. In order to get a deeper insight into this problem the visual space shall be compared to a two-dimensional picture. Moreover the role and function of the colours have to be clarified to establish a “minimum visibilia”.
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Studia Philosophica:
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Vladan Hrdlička
F. A. Hayek a náboženství. Liberalismus na hranici mezi vědou a vírou
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The essay deals with the religious and moral elements in philosophy of F. A. Hayek, as well as his personal attitude to religion. The topics are discussed on the background of liberal ideology, the relationship of cognitive sciences to the determination of human action and approximation of critical rationality to dogmatic authoritarianism in its enforcement. Attention is also paid to the scientific concept of Hayek’s defense of liberal ideology.
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