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Břetislav Horyna
Břetislav Horyna
Hegels Ausspruch „Gott ist tot“ in Hinsicht auf Kant und Fichte
Hegel’s Statement “God is dead” with Respect to Kant’s and Fichte’s Philosophies
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The proclamation of God’s death is commonly ascribed to Fridrich Nietzsche and the cultural nihilism of the turn of 19th and 20th centuries. The work on Hegel’s statement of God’s death shows that this is a much older cultural topos, appearing frequently in German (as well as British and French) literature, poetry and philosophy as early as in 18th century and especially in the era of Romanticism. The differences are not only temporal, but especially contextual; while late usage with Nietzschian cultural relativists generally has a diagnostic character, earlier occurrences of the statement relate to different cultural phenomena (old and modern mythology, modern poetry, revolutionary political and religious changes after the French Revolution of 1789, character of transcendental philosophy, and others). Hegel used this statement in his very early polemic with Kant’s and Fichte’s philosophies. He criticized both of them that in their philosophical subjectivism they were promoting the notion that God had died and man had assumed his position. This work shows some relatively little known dimensions of that polemic including the role played by F. H. Jacobi’s critical anti-Kantian position.
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Dagmar Pichová
Dagmar Pichová
Ironie u Pascala
Irony in Pascal’s Work
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The paper deals with the role of irony in the thought of Blaise Pascal. The author proposes to distinguish two types of irony in Pascal’s work. The first type – offensive irony – can be found in The Provincial Letters, Pascal’s polemics with the principles of Jesuit moral teachings. The use of ironic strategy allows Pascal to criticize efficiently the Jesuit argumentation and the problematic consequences of their moral values. In Pascal’s Pensées, the function of irony changes radically. Pascal’s description of the position of human beings can be compared to the irony of situation, represented usually by The Oedipus King by Sophocles. Irony thus becomes a perspective which depicts the paradoxes of human existence and intensifies the emotional impact of Pascal’s work.
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Ivana Holzbachová
Ivana Holzbachová
Pojetí role vědy v politice u Emila Durkheima
Emile Durkheim’s Conception of the Role of Science in Politics
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Durkheim’s political interest stems from an analysis of anomies of the late 19th century society. He credits the anomies to the changes in the organization of labor division in the society as well as to the fact that man is a being with ever increasing demands. In this respect he appeals to all social classes to abide by the rule of moderateness. – Durkheim poses the question if sociologists can contribute to social reform. In his view the most important contribution is their scientific work, i.e. an analysis and a description of social reality. Such activity does not qualify them as politicians. In politics, a scientist can only act as a citizen or possibly an adviser and an educator.
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Michal Vavřík
Michal Vavřík
K interpretaci Hegelovy filosofie státu
A Contribution to the Interpretation of Hegel’s Philosophy of State
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This paper contains preliminary notes on an interpretation of Hegel’s political philosophy. It concentrates on the last part of The Philosophy of Right, i. e. sphere of the ethical life. A thesis defended in the paper is that it is Hegel’s notion of bureaucracy which is crucial for the interpretation. Concepts are employed of civil society and public sphere by J. Habermas, as well as of habitus by P. Bourdieu in order to highlight fragmented character of the civil society. Therefore, the bureaucracy is given major role in realization of “the concrete universal” by means of both public administration and parliamentary politics. The centrality of bureaucracy in political integration is therefore called administrative nationalism.
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Antonín Dolák
Antonín Dolák
Heideggerova metoda a světlina bytí
Heidegger’s Method and Category Lichtung
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The study is about the ontology late Martin Heidegger. The work analyses mainly category Lichtung and category Sein and relation L ichtung and Sein. Lichtung is in Heidegger’s work “The End of Philosophy“ ALETHEIA , also truth in early ancient meaning, mainly in Parmenides trought. Me study anylyses also form good method according to Heidegger.
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Obrazová příloha:
Picture Attachment (i-xiv)
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Josef Petrželka, Jan Váně
Josef Petrželka
Filosofie a divadlo
Filosofie a divadlo
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Jan Váně, Josef Petrželka
Jan Váně
Abélard a Heloisa
Abelard and Heloise
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Love, universals, a new written source, deceit and treason – all of that can be seen in a play on the love affair between the philosopher Abélard and his conscientious student Heloise. A recently discovered letter of Abelard reveals that he actually never lost his manhood, but only pretended his bad luck to find peace and quiet for his philosophical contemplations on, among other things, universals.
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Jan Váně, Josef Petrželka
Jan Váně
Jan Hus a Stanislav ze Znoyma
John Huss and Stanislav of Znoymo
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A „dramatic humoresque“ – not exactly a truthful version of the clash of ideas of two major medieval Czech figures, John Huss and his philosophically more vigorous teacher Stanislav of Znoymo. In our version Huss invents the matches in order to set the world on fire and thus purify the church of evil – the audience and readers´ task is to find all historical and factual inaccuracies deliberately incorporated into the play.
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Josef Petrželka, Ondřej Sládek
Josef Petrželka
Filosof(ie) a žena
Philosophy(-pher) and the woman
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The history of philosophy is dominated by men’s names – does that mean philosophy is inaccessible to women? Or could we even say that the woman is the philosopher’s enemy that hinders his intellectual efforts? Or is it the contrary, being the philosopher’s Muse, she helps promote philosophical thought? To answer these questions, the play offers four rather fictional stories about renowned philosophers and their significant others, drawing from Jiří Cetl’s work But they were philosophers... (Ale vždyť to byli filozofové..., Brno 2000). It introduces Socrates and his wife Xanthippa, Epicure and Athenian hetaerae, John Lock with a young French lady and finally Jean-Jacquesem Rousseau with his prospective wife and mother-in-law. The ultimate answer to the questions remains to be decided by the reader.
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Ištván Tračník
Ištván Tračník
BRAIN MAN aneb Ať žije evoluce!
Brain Man or Long Live Evolution!
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A detective story presenting a thought experiment from philosophy of mind that results in a hypothetical, extremely dangerous being – philosophical zombie – which looks and behaves just like any other person, but has no consciousness. The goal of the two detectives (René Descartes and Alan Turing) is to discover this mysterious and possibly undiscoverable creature before it dispatches the Swedish Queen.
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Radovan Burhan
Radovan Burhan
Světská pokušení Pána z Heideggeru aneb Kdo byl Hitlerův otec?
Profane Seduction of the Lord of Heidegger or Who Was Hitler’s Father?
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This play offers a story from recent history, almost the present time (however a fictional one) as well as a serious, even tragic drama attempting to assess the rate of cooperation of the prominent German philosopher M. Heidegger with German war ideology and to suggest an adequate punishment.
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Josef Petrželka, Rudolf Šnajder, Jana Gajdošová
Josef Petrželka
Tenkrát ve filosofii
Once Upon a Time in Philosophy
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This western-play introduces the clash between rationalism and empiricism of the Modern Period, embodied in the bloody battles between white settlers and Indians. As theplay is meant to be a tribute to E. Morricone´s film music, it is the music that wins the performed philosophical war.
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Michal Stránský
Michal Stránský
Pro dobrou věc. Hra o několika dějstvích a žádném intermezzu
For a Good Thing. A Play of Several Acts and No Intermezzo
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Kamil, a not particularly reflective hero of this play, is just after his death faced with the question of what the good and the good life are. He gets the opportunity to do a good thing in one hour and thus avoid the Devil´s power. Kamil makes an effort using several personified ethical theories, but fails to find a clear and ultimate answer.
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Josef Petrželka
Josef Petrželka
Jak najít pravého prince?
How to Find the Right Prince
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This children’s play attempts to show the audience the long and troublesome journey that the Platonist has to take to reach the genuine knowledge and find the goal of human life. All of the epistemic options offered by Plato are so uncertain that the happy ending of the journey to the true being (Platonic Forms) can only be ensured by one thing – a fairy tale.
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Jana Matiščíková, Josef Krob, Josef Petrželka
Jana Matiščíková
Kladivo na časoděj
The Hammer of Time
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Time has disappeared. It must have been a murder. Who is guilty? The most important figures of the history of philosophy and science are summoned to sing and clearly express their relation to time. The philosophical musical does not end in bloody execution, though. It turns out that no murder was actually committed, as time has never, does not, and will never exist.
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Petr Kopáček
Petr Kopáček
Možný svět nutně nestačí aneb Hra pro Kočku
A Possible World Is Not Necessarily Enough or A Play for a Cat
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The hero of this play – Arthur – introduces to the audience and readers several different worlds that share the fact that they are all possible worlds. The theory of possible worlds is the major theoretical background of the play. The plot is based on the idea that one and the same individual can appear in several possible worlds in a more or less different form. If one finds a way of traveling among the worlds – at least fictionally on the stage – which is accomplished by the Cat, the Schrödinger´s Cat, Arthur can set off for a journey to meet himself or possibly even God.
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Lenka Hořínková Kouřilová
Pelikánova reflexe Hoppeova díla
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This article presents how Pelikan reflected Hoppe’s work in Ruch filosofický. Pelikan dealt with Hoppe’s philosophical development and simultaneously noticed philosophers that were inspiring for Hoppe’s philosophy. Pelikan appraised the significance of Hoppe’s work in Czech philosophical thinking of the first half of the twentieth century and his acccent of spiritual life. Pelikan agreed with Hoppe’s extension of the doctrine of intuition although his conception of intuition was different from Hoppe.
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Jan Zouhar
Existencialismus a české myšlení 1945–1948
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After 1945, Czech philosophy and culture were first introduced to existentialism. First it was the original works of French existentialists (Sartre, Camus, Marcel), later by means of the journal Letters (1947) and Václav Černý (The first book on existentialism, 1948). The acceptance of existentialism in Czech context was not univocal. Besides factual analyses (J. Patočka, V. Navrátil, V. T. Miškovská), existentialism met with criticism and rejection mainly from Marxists and Catholic scholars for its rational weakness, pessimism, helplessness and intellectual decline.
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Klaus Vieweg
Morální světový názor. K Hegelově kritice praktického rozumu transcendentální filosofie
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The transition from morality to the morals involves the dissolution of the antagonism of the moral, the overcoming of the antinomy of constant obligation. In his Wissenschaft der Logik, Hegel focuses on the logical defect of endless progress “mostly in its application to morality“ (RPh, § 268). Pure will and the moral law on the one hand, and nature and empiricality on the other “presuppose each other as fully independent and mutually indifferent“, and thus the opposition is postulated as an axiom, which excludes its overcoming the antagonism. The antagonism “does not dissolve in infinite progress. It is, on the contrary, depicted as unsolved and unsolvable, and thus confirmed“. The result is “the very same antagonism that stood at the beginning“ (RPh, § 269 an.). The progress ad infinitum exhibits itself as antagonism that unjustly points to itself as a solution of what contradicts itself (WdL 5, p. 166). The real overcoming of this antinomy fails; the idea of the Judgment Day solution owes the answer and is only an expression of excessive gentleness towards the world. Antinomies and collisions in moral action in the end separate, which implies the persistence in insuperable antinomy. Another topic would be a detailed exposition of Hegel’s solution proposal. In any case, Hegel sees the naturalness of speculative thought in the necessity to think the ideality of both of the opposing sides, that is, to understand them beforehand as the moment of the concept of moral action, see them as opposing in their moving unity and think them as the transition from morality to the moral action, the morals, in which the antagonism of the moral is not abstractly lost, but elevated, guarded and overcome.
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