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1. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 60 > Issue: 2
Erika Lalíková K slovám Dominika Tatarku
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Dominik Tatarka, Slovak (Czechoslovak) writer, philosopher, social and political thinker. His literary and philosophical works are firmly linked with his personal experience, combined with socio-political events in Czechoslovakia. They are based on several principles of which the most important is respect for democratic principles and the rule of Christian universalism, which returned in the end of the 70th last century. The article is focused on the modification of the key problems of Slovak author: the freedom of the individual and the freedom of the community. Tatarka in his texts and also in his life always tried to understand an individual, not judging him. That was his moral strength and reason behind the superiority over many opponents. When comparing his views with the ideas of other authors (M. Bátorová, M. Hamada, Vaclav Havel, C. Miłosz, S. Marais ...), this article will highlights the uniqueness of texts, as well as the importance of the interpretation of the concept of freedom in the context of Central Europe marked by two totalitarian ideologies.
2. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 60 > Issue: 2
Matthias Riedl Modernita ako imanentizácia eschatónu. Kritické zhodnotenie gnostickej tézy Erica Voegelina
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Eric Voegelin formulated one of the most challenging theses about the theological foundations of modern progressivist and revolutionary thought: the character of modernity is essentially Gnostic. The aim of this essay is to show why the early version of Voegelin’s Gnosis-thesis, as proposed in his New Science of Politics (1951), is not convincing. I argue that processes of immanentization can be fully explained within the development of Western ecclesiastical thought, without invoking Gnostic sectarianism. From a historical-empirical perspective Gnosticism is, in fact, principally opposed to immanent eschatologies. Joachim of Fiore, who, according to Voegelin, is the originator of modern Gnosticism, aptly illustrates this incompatibility. This essay also aims to show how Voegelin became increasingly aware of this problem and, accordingly, formulated a much more adequate and convincing version of the Gnosis-thesis in The Ecumenic Age (1974). The final section of the essay returns to the question of the relation of Gnosis and revolution.
3. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 61 > Issue: 1
Slavomír Lesňák K niektorým nedostatkom vybraných environmentálnych prístupov
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The author aims to evaluate various approaches of environmental philosophers to several specific problems from the standpoint of ethics of survival. He points to weaknesses and risks of conceptions of F. Capra, A. Naess, P. Singer and J. Šmajs. The author accepts using irrationality only as a complement of education, not as its main principle. He rejects ethics not based on ontological ground and promotes process thinking in ethics. The author criticizes rejection of anthropocentric approach. He analyzes the connections between evolutionary ontology and totalitarianism. He questions Naess’ application of nonviolence, links irrationality and ecological terrorism.
4. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 61 > Issue: 2
Dušan Lužný Kulturní paměť jako koncept sociálních věd
5. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 61 > Issue: 2
Zlatica Plašienková Münzova teória poznania na pozadí kritiky marxistickej teórie odrazu v šesťdesiatych rokoch minulého storočia
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The author of this paper clarifies some gnoseological views of Slovak philosopher Teodor Münz. He formulated his opinions on the background of critics of Marxist theory of reflection in the 1960s and he published them in a series of articles at that time. The author of the article highlights Münz´s objections to this theory and arguments which point to non-dialectic understanding of practice as criterion of truth. She also reflects Münz´s understanding of development of knowledge, relations between truth and fault and other epistemological problems. These problems have been at the center of Münz’s interest until now. They are a proof of the metamorphosis of his noetic opinions.