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201.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Magali Delmas
Green Strategic Networks:
A Dynamic Capability and Transaction Cost Approach
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Based on transaction cost economics and the dynamic capability approach, this paper proposes a theoretical perspective on Green Strategic Networks. Green Strategic Networks involve several types of partners (suppliers, competitors, regulators, green associations, and research institutions) with the objective of developing environmental technologies. Finns seem still reluctant to engage in Green Strategic Networks fearing exposure of their strategic assets to third parties that may involve high transaction costs resulting from opportunistic and antagonistic behavior. This paper shows the advantages of such networks to develop sustainable and innovative organizations. It demonstrates how trust building could decrease transaction costs according to the type of resources and capabilities allocated to the network as well as the type of governance structure at stake.
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202.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Sandra A. Waddock, Samuel B. Graves
Assessing the Link Between Corporate Governance and Social/Financial Performance
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Well-governed companies should generate not only stronger financial performance than poorly governed ones, but also better overall corporate social performance (CSP), as well as treatment of their primary stakeholders. Using Business Week's "best and worst" governed companies for 1996 and 1997 we find significant and positive associations between governance quality and overall CSP. In addition, we find significant and positive association for community relations for the year 1997, and employee relations and diversity management for both years. Strongly positive relationships are also found for financial measures including return on equity, return on assets, and return on sales. The market measure, ten-year total relative return to shareholders, is also strongly positively associated with quality of governance. Overall, not only do better-governed companies perform better with respect to several important stakeholders, but they also outperform less well governed companies financially and therefore can.be assumed to be "treating" their owners better as well.
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203.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Frances E. Bowen
Does Organisational Slack Stimulate the Implementation of Environmental Initiatives?
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Recent research into environmental protection has begun to hint at organisational slack as an initiator and facilitator of the implementation of environmental initiatives. However, theoretical arguments can be posed to suggest that slack may or may not stimulate environmental initiatives. This paper explores these theoretical arguments, and provides an empirical test of the relationships between organisational slack and various types of environmental initiative. The paper concludes that organisational slack facilitates clean technology, and environmental initiatives based at the site or local level. Organisational slack does not stimulate waste reduction efforts or other initiatives undertaken as part of a proactive corporate environmental strategy.
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204.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Virginia W. Gerde, Jeanne M. Logsdon
Measuring Environmental Performance?:
Use of the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) and Other Environmental Databases in Business-and-Society Research
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This paper focuses on ways of measuring corporate environmental performance by examining the various databases that have become available during the 1990s. These include the Toxics Release Inventory and databases maintained by Kinder, Lydenberg, Domini, & Co., the Council on Economic Priorities, and the Investor Responsibility Research Center. We describe these databases and identify a number of improvements in measuring environmental performance that are becoming available.
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205.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Dallas Hanson, Kathy Gibson
Resource Extraction in Remote Regions:
Achieving the Momentum That Leads to Responsible Behaviour
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The Ok Tedi Mining Ltd mine in a remote region of Papua New Ginea has caused major social and environmental change in its area of operations. It is argued that this traditionally exploitative company was able to mine as they liked for a long period because of media framing of the issue was conventionally commercial and the locals powerless and passive stakeholders. This changed after locals increased their level of activism, mainstream environmental groups gathered and published information and media reframed the issues as an environmental disaster.
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206.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Michael V. Russo, Michelle A. Noble
Antecedents of ISO 14001 Registration:
An Exploratory Multi-Level Analysis
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One method of voluntary environmental regulation is registration under the international standards known as the ISO 14000 system. What are the determinants of registration under these standards, now in existence for nearly three years? Theoretical perspectives focused on the level of governmental units, industry, and the facility itself offer options to explain the registration phenomenon. We develop hypotheses that are consistent with these perspectives, and test them with a sample of electronics firms. We then analyze our results and identify areas ripe for research by scholars based in strategy, environmental management, and social issues in management.
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207.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Lise Langeland
Superior and Sustainable Organizations:
Seeking Integration Between the Fields of Corporate Management and Corporate Sustainability
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The article points to the kinship of the fields of corporate management and corporate sustainability through a presentation and discussion of some characteristics of superior organizations vs. sustainable organizations. The work is theoretical, using both primary and secondary literature, providing a basis for dissolving the clear cut distinctions and temper the contradictions between these fields. The comparison addresses the ideals and values underlying the various organizational ideals and the core elements of these. By focusing on the kindredness of corporate management and sustainability the ground can be set for a mutual agenda for change - beneficiary to both sides.
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208.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Knud Sinding, Robert Anex, Mark Sharfman
The Firm and the Natural Environment:
Uncertainty, Corporate Strategy and Public Policy
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Consideration of the natural environment gives rise to uncertainties for firms. These uncertainties are related to the state of the firms surroundings (business environment), to the impact of this inside the firm, and to the nature of response options available to the firm. These uncertainties have implications both for strategic decisions in firms and for the design of public policy.
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209.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Gérard Bekerman
The euro: from political will to monetary realism
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The author analyses the process which has led to implementation of the euro, the single European currency. He highlights the possibility of reversibility if the convergence conditions are not respected. The practical problems of the euro are highlighted together with the risk of the system imploding. The role of the euro, as an international currency, parallel to that of the dollar, is examined.
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210.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Kathleen A. Getz, Roger J. Volkema
Corruption in International Business:
Model Development and Testing
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Recent growth in international bade has raised concerns about differing business practices which can impede commerce and economic development. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a model that integrates various socio-economic factors, including corruption, economics, culture and public bureaucracy. The analysis revealed several relationships among these variables. The implications of the results for predicting and enhancing the effectiveness of international anti-corruption agreements are discussed.
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211.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Gerhard Apfelthaler, Matthias Karmasin
The Nature of International Work:
A Research Proposal for a Replication of Mlntzberg in the Age of Globalization
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It’s been 25 years since Mintzberg published his classic study on the nature of managerial work. Since then, the globalization of business and workforce diversity have dramatically changed the conditions under which todays' managers operate. Although almost every textbook, monograph, article or research work calls out for more international minded and cross-culturally efficient managers, we still don’t know exactly what international managers really do. This paper calls for a replication of Mintzberg’s classic work in order to find out.
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212.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Joel D. Nicholson, Jennifer Kline, Yim-Yu Wong, Roblyn Simeon
Contrasts in U.S. and Asian Gender Role Differentiation in the Workplace
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Dorfman and Howell’s (1988) reformulation of Hofstede’s (1980) masculinity/feminimty scale was used to contrast gender-role typing attitudes among Japanese, Chinese, and U.S. respondents. The data indicated a relatively higher degree of gender-role typing among the Chinese, less so for the Japanese, and the least among the U.S. sample. Notably, women were found to be less willing to accept work roles based on gender than were men in each country.
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213.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Sandra B. Rosenthal, Rogene A. Buchholz
Business in its Global Environment:
A Normative Pragmatic Perspective
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This paper presents a pragmatic framework for understanding the dynamics and moral dimensions of business in a global environment, showing the need for and nature of a true global community.
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214.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Robert R. Rehder, Helen J. Muller, Gerhard Apfelthaler
A German-Japanese-U.S. Manufacturing System for the 21st Century
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Cross-national mergers are flourishing as companies find opportunities to utilize the strengths of the best that each nation has to offer. The recent DaimlerChrysler merger foreshadows how transatlantic mergers may change 21st century relationships between nations and corporations We analyze the cross-national collaborative effort to assemble the prize winning M-Class SUV in Alabama with a Japanese lean production system, U.S. workers, and an American - German management team that foreshadowed the DC alliance. Furthermore, we delineate some of the issues that confront DaimlerChrysler as it adapts the new Mercedes Benz United States International (MBUSI) production system to an Austrian Chrysler plant to respond to European demand for the M-Class Implications far global culture are raised.The authors acknowledge the Anderson Schools of Management (ASM) Foundation Board and the Department of Organizational Studies at ASM that provided partial financial support of this study. We express our appreciation to managers at MBUSI in Alabama for their invaluable comments and hospitality. We thank our colleague Geoff Bannister for his work in an earlier phase of this research project.
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215.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Colleen P. Vanderstaay
International Trade and Environmental Law After the Uruguay Round:
Can it Protect the Environment in the Asia Pacific?
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This paper considers the linkage between trade and environmental law at a multilateral level and in the Asia Pacific region. The issue of trade and the environment forms part of a new trade agenda confronting the World Trade Organization (WTO).
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216.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Duane Windsor, Kathleen A. Getz
The Consequences of Moral Leadership
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The global economic integration which has evolved over the past two to three decades brings to business and policy-makers a host of opportunities and challenges. One challenge faced by both groups is understanding and managing cross-national differences in ethical standards and behavior. In at least one issue area, significant change in ethical standards has recently occurred. That issue is bribery and corruption.
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217.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Jacques Delacroix, Emile McAnany
Encephalokleptophobia or old-fashioned protectionism?:
International trade in screen products, with facts and speculations
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Several countries practice exclusionary policies vis-a-vis films, television programs and other screen products originating elsewhere in the name of the defense of collective cultural identities. Neither common sense nor available tacts are compatible with this justification for this kind of cultural protectionism.
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218.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Christopher J. Allen
Privacy and the Internet:
A New Political Frontier for American Business
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The vast potential of e-commerce and the digital age are prompting American businesses to test the power of new computer technologies in a number of ways, all of which depend on the free flow of information. While American business is leading the world in pioneering new Web-based products and services, some of its more aggressive approaches to collecting sensitive information are running into legal and political objections, and threatening long-held privacy values. While policy makers in the U.S. have generally not intervened on this issue, the European Union last year issued a sweeping data directive which governs the collection and dissemination of a wide range of information. This paper explores the implications of the EU’s Data Directive and other recent events as they relate to corporate political strategy and the evolving privacy debate in the United States.
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219.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Nicola Berg
Public Affairs Management in Multinational Corporations:
Findings of an Empirical Study among German Corporations in India
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In this paper the importance of public affairs management in multinational corporations in India will be examined. After briefly discussing the general relevance of public affairs management in multinational corporations a conceptual framework for public affairs management in multinational corporations will be developed. This framework serves as the theoretical basis for an empirical study among German multinational corporations in India. In the main part of this paper the results of this study will be presented and discussed. The paper ends with a critical assessment and some major implications for further studies.
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220.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
1999
Jeffrey Gale
Technology Standards and Integrated Strategy:
The Case of the 56K Modem Protocols
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This analysis applies the integrated strategy concept to the development of technology standards, it both expands upon the basic model and uses it to review the case of the standards war in 56K modems.
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