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81. Studia Neoaristotelica: Volume > 18 > Issue: 3
Miroslav Hanke Scholastická logika „vědění“ III.: Logická vševědoucnost a logika inferenčního poznání
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The problem of logical omniscience breaks down to the problems of the closure of knowledge under implication and of the distribution of knowledge over implication. In late medieval scholasticism these two related issues were engaged in various genres, in particular in general analysis of validity, games of obligationes, solution to self-referential antinomies and semantics of terms. The present study analyses the corpus of fourteenth-century texts with some overreaches to the subsequent two centuries, attempting to cover representatives of both the “British” and the “Continental” tradition. With some degree of simplification, this results in a range of four basic positions: 1. knowledge is closed under “analytic entailment” (Buridan), 2. knowledge distributes over implication (Heytesbury), 3. knowledge distributes over implication provided that its consequent’s truth is being taken into consideration (Peter of Mantua), 4. knowledge does not distribute overimplication (Wyclif).
82. Studia Neoaristotelica: Volume > 19 > Issue: 3
Tomáš Edl V čem je kouzlo neurčenosti: Příspěvek ke sporu o (i)racionalitu racionálního kompatibilismu
83. Studia Neoaristotelica: Volume > 19 > Issue: 5
Lukáš Novák Být v či nebýt v?: Tomistické a scotistické pojetí konstituce kategoriálního vztahu
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The purpose of this article is to compare the Thomist and the Scotist theory of relations. The main feature of the Thomist theory is an effort to minimize the ontological import of the specific essential ratio of relation as such, called esse ad, and to reduce the ontological import of its other aspect, the esse in or inherence understood as a common feature of all accidents, to the esse in of its foundation. The Scotists, on the other hand, have no tendency to deflate the esse ad of a relation. Moreover, according to Malafossa of Barge’s theory (adopted by B. Mastri and B. Belluto), a relation involves two different instances of esse in. The one, called esse in velut in subiecto, is that generic inherence common to all accidents (which, therefore, does not occur in the substantial relations of divine persons). The other, esse in velut in fundamento, belongs specifically to relation as such and reflects the fact that very relation, even a substantial one, is not only a relation towards something, but necessarily also a relation of something towards something else. In spite of the fact, therefore, that the Thomist and Scotist doctrines are usually grouped together as mere subvariants of anti-reductive realism, they must be regarded as substantially different.
84. Studia Neoaristotelica: Volume > 19 > Issue: 6
Filomathés čili o odbornosti: (z řečtiny přeložil Lukáš Novák)
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Poznámka překladatele - Čtenář si nepochybně klade otázku po původu a historickém kontextu nově objeveného sókratovského dialogu, jehož český překlad zde prezentujeme. Tomuto oprávněnému požadavku však bohužel zatím nelze dostát. Autorství a historická povaha textu jsou stále předmětem zkoumání a zásadní nejistota zatím panuje i ohledně zcela základních otázek. Prezentovat zde jakékoliv předběžné dohady by tudíž za této situace mohlo být velmi zavádějící; čekat s prezentací dialogu veřejnosti na vyřešení techto otázek se však zdálo škoda. Proto jsem se rozhodl – po poradě s redakcí časopisu – zdržet se prozatím všech vyjádření k historickým a textově kritickým otázkám spjatým s textem a předložit jej tímto způsobem v pracovním českém překladu bez jakéhokoliv dalšího komentáře. Překlad věnuji svým kolegům. - Lukáš Novák
85. Studia Neoaristotelica: Volume > 16 > Issue: 5
Prokop Sousedík Dvojí pohled na Tomášův traktát o Trojici
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The author shows that Aquinas’s treatise on the Trinity can be viewed in two ways. According to the first, now prevailing opinion, the thoughts of the Angelic Doctor are too speculative and in essence they harm our personal relationship with God. He aims to show that the main source of inspiration for this approach are those currents in modern and contemporary philosophy according to which any metaphysics is impossible. Adherents of the other view do not reject metaphysics, and so they are also sympathetic towards Aquinas’s connecting speculation with the Trinity doctrine. They see a great advantage in this connexion, as it allows us to understand more deeply the mysteries of faith and so to demonstrate the uniqueness of the Christian message. The author aims to show that both approaches are justified and one should not be sacrificed for the other. He believes that a philosophical framework allowing the old and the new Trinitarian theologies to coexist is provided by Wittgenstein’s conception of speech games.
86. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 56 > Issue: 1/2
Dagmar Pichová Dagmar Pichová
Ironie u Pascala
Irony in Pascal’s Work

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87. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 56 > Issue: 1/2
Ivana Holzbachová Ivana Holzbachová
Pojetí role vědy v politice u Emila Durkheima
Emile Durkheim’s Conception of the Role of Science in Politics

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88. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 56 > Issue: 1/2
Michal Vavřík Michal Vavřík
K interpretaci Hegelovy filosofie státu
A Contribution to the Interpretation of Hegel’s Philosophy of State

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89. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 56 > Issue: 1/2
Antonín Dolák Antonín Dolák
Heideggerova metoda a světlina bytí
Heidegger’s Method and Category Lichtung

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90. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Josef Petrželka, Jan Váně Josef Petrželka
Filosofie a divadlo
Filosofie a divadlo

91. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Jan Váně, Josef Petrželka Jan Váně
Abélard a Heloisa
Abelard and Heloise

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92. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Jan Váně, Josef Petrželka Jan Váně
Jan Hus a Stanislav ze Znoyma
John Huss and Stanislav of Znoymo

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93. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Josef Petrželka, Ondřej Sládek Josef Petrželka
Filosof(ie) a žena
Philosophy(-pher) and the woman

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94. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Ištván Tračník Ištván Tračník
BRAIN MAN aneb Ať žije evoluce!
Brain Man or Long Live Evolution!

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95. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Radovan Burhan Radovan Burhan
Světská pokušení Pána z Heideggeru aneb Kdo byl Hitlerův otec?
Profane Seduction of the Lord of Heidegger or Who Was Hitler’s Father?

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96. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Josef Petrželka, Rudolf Šnajder, Jana Gajdošová Josef Petrželka
Tenkrát ve filosofii
Once Upon a Time in Philosophy

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97. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Michal Stránský Michal Stránský
Pro dobrou věc. Hra o několika dějstvích a žádném intermezzu
For a Good Thing. A Play of Several Acts and No Intermezzo

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98. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Josef Petrželka Josef Petrželka
Jak najít pravého prince?
How to Find the Right Prince

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99. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Jana Matiščíková, Josef Krob, Josef Petrželka Jana Matiščíková
Kladivo na časoděj
The Hammer of Time

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100. Studia Philosophica: Volume > 58 > Issue: 1
Petr Kopáček Petr Kopáček
Možný svět nutně nestačí aneb Hra pro Kočku
A Possible World Is Not Necessarily Enough or A Play for a Cat

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